[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":854},["ShallowReactive",2],{"\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fftp\u002Fandroid-automotive":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":819,"extension":820,"meta":821,"navigation":849,"path":850,"seo":851,"stem":852,"__hash__":853},"networks\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fftp\u002Fandroid-automotive.md","Android 汽车上的 FTP 协议 — 汽车系统的网络传输",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":784},"minimark",[9,14,18,21,24,29,32,38,54,59,73,77,88,91,95,98,112,118,121,124,127,133,136,139,144,150,155,161,164,202,205,208,211,278,284,287,290,304,306,309,312,332,335,338,341,344,371,374,378,381,396,399,402,413,416,419,509,515,517,520,523,534,537,563,566,580,583,586,589,620,623,626,629,658,661,737,743,746,778,782],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"android-automotive-上的-ftp-协议-技术深入探讨","Android Automotive 上的 FTP 协议 — 技术深入探讨",[15,16,17],"p",{},"您汽车的 Android Automotive 信息娱乐系统使用与任何联网设备相同的协议栈与 FTP 服务器进行通信。主要区别在于上下文：传输主要发生在停在家庭 WiFi 上时，汽车的电源管理会影响连接持久性，而大触摸屏使服务器导航变得舒适。",[15,19,20],{},"本页介绍了汽车硬件上 ​​FTP 的协议级细节 — 连接机制、电源状态处理、WiFi 注意事项以及基于汽车的文件传输的服务器优化。",[10,22,23],{"id":23},"汽车领域的网络架构",[25,26,28],"h3",{"id":27},"汽车-wifi-连接","汽车 WiFi 连接",[15,30,31],{},"Android 汽车在两种情况下连接 WiFi：",[15,33,34],{},[35,36,37],"strong",{},"家庭\u002F已知 WiFi（主要用于 FTP）：",[39,40,41,45,48,51],"ul",{},[42,43,44],"li",{},"车辆停放在家庭 WiFi 范围内的车库\u002F车道上",[42,46,47],{},"坚固、稳定的连接",[42,49,50],{},"全速访问本地网络资源",[42,52,53],{},"同一 LAN 上的 FTP 服务器可直接访问",[15,55,56],{},[35,57,58],{},"移动热点\u002F公共 WiFi：",[39,60,61,64,67,70],{},[42,62,63],{},"电话或便携式热点连接",[42,65,66],{},"变速和稳定性",[42,68,69],{},"可以访问互联网 FTP 服务器（出于安全考虑，不推荐）",[42,71,72],{},"带宽有限",[25,74,76],{"id":75},"ftp-数据流","FTP 数据流",[78,79,84],"pre",{"className":80,"code":82,"language":83},[81],"language-text","[Car Infotainment] ←WiFi→ [Router] ←Ethernet→ [NAS\u002FFTP Server]\n         ↑                                           ↑\n    AnExplorer FTP client               FTP server (port 21)\n    Passive data channels               Passive port range\n","text",[85,86,82],"code",{"__ignoreMap":87},"",[15,89,90],{},"所有流量都流经家庭路由器。汽车只是网络上的另一个客户端，就像电话或笔记本电脑一样。不需要特殊的基础设施。",[25,92,94],{"id":93},"ip配置","IP配置",[15,96,97],{},"大多数汽车通过 DHCP 从家庭路由器接收 IP：",[39,99,100,103,106,109],{},[42,101,102],{},"汽车被分配IP（例如，192.168.1.X）",[42,104,105],{},"可以到达同一子网上的任何设备",[42,107,108],{},"DNS 解析适用于主机名",[42,110,111],{},"车端无需静态IP",[15,113,114,117],{},[35,115,116],{},"提示："," 为您的 NAS\u002FFTP 服务器提供静态 IP 或 DHCP 保留，以便汽车保存的 FTP 书签始终连接到正确的地址。",[119,120],"download-banner",{},[10,122,123],{"id":123},"协议机制",[25,125,126],{"id":126},"连接建立",[78,128,131],{"className":129,"code":130,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: TCP SYN to port 21\nServer → Car: TCP SYN-ACK\nCar → Server: TCP ACK (connection established)\nServer → Car: 220 Welcome banner\nCar → Server: USER car-sync\nServer → Car: 331 Password required\nCar → Server: PASS ********\nServer → Car: 230 Login successful\n",[85,132,130],{"__ignoreMap":87},[15,134,135],{},"标准 FTP 握手。汽车的 Android 网络堆栈处理 TCP 建立。AnExplorer 管理 FTP 协议层。",[25,137,138],{"id":138},"传输操作",[15,140,141],{},[35,142,143],{},"下载（RETR）：",[78,145,148],{"className":146,"code":147,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: TYPE I (binary mode)\nCar → Server: PASV\nServer → Car: 227 (passive port: server:50001)\nCar → Server: RETR \u002Fmedia\u002Fmusic\u002Falbum\u002Ftrack.flac\nCar ← Server: [file data flows on passive connection]\nServer → Car: 226 Transfer complete\n",[85,149,147],{"__ignoreMap":87},[15,151,152],{},[35,153,154],{},"上传（STOR）：",[78,156,159],{"className":157,"code":158,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: PASV\nServer → Car: 227 (passive port)\nCar → Server: STOR \u002Fupload\u002Fdashcam\u002F2024-01-15.mp4\nCar → Server: [file data flows from car]\nCar → Server: 226 Transfer complete\n",[85,160,158],{"__ignoreMap":87},[25,162,163],{"id":163},"目录操作",[39,165,166,172,178,184,190,196],{},[42,167,168,171],{},[35,169,170],{},"LIST："," 完整目录列表（用于浏览）",[42,173,174,177],{},[35,175,176],{},"NLST："," 仅名称列表（更轻，更快）",[42,179,180,183],{},[35,181,182],{},"MKD:"," 创建目录（用于上传组织）",[42,185,186,189],{},[35,187,188],{},"CWD："," 更改目录（导航）",[42,191,192,195],{},[35,193,194],{},"PWD:"," 打印工作目录（当前位置）",[42,197,198,201],{},[35,199,200],{},"SIZE："," 下载前获取文件大小",[10,203,204],{"id":204},"汽车特定注意事项",[25,206,207],{"id":207},"电源管理",[15,209,210],{},"汽车信息娱乐系统具有独特的电源状态：",[212,213,214,230],"table",{},[215,216,217],"thead",{},[218,219,220,224,227],"tr",{},[221,222,223],"th",{},"状态",[221,225,226],{},"无线网络",[221,228,229],{},"FTP 影响",[231,232,233,245,256,267],"tbody",{},[218,234,235,239,242],{},[236,237,238],"td",{},"发动机启动，停放",[236,240,241],{},"✅ 活跃",[236,243,244],{},"完整的 FTP 功能",[218,246,247,250,253],{},[236,248,249],{},"发动机关闭，显示屏开启",[236,251,252],{},"✅ 平时活跃",[236,254,255],{},"FTP 一直工作到系统休眠为止",[218,257,258,261,264],{},[236,259,260],{},"发动机关闭，显示屏关闭",[236,262,263],{},"⚠️ 可能会超时",[236,265,266],{},"连接可能会断开",[218,268,269,272,275],{},[236,270,271],{},"深度睡眠",[236,273,274],{},"❌ 关闭",[236,276,277],{},"没有网络访问",[15,279,280,283],{},[35,281,282],{},"为了实现可靠的 FTP："," 在传输过程中保持汽车“清醒”。在大多数车辆上，启用信息娱乐显示屏可以保持 WiFi 处于活动状态。某些车辆允许“附件模式”（点火至 ACC），该模式可在不运行发动机的情况下维持系统电源。",[25,285,286],{"id":286},"热注意事项",[15,288,289],{},"汽车的计算硬件可能会在极端温度下发生热节流：",[39,291,292,295,298,301],{},[42,293,294],{},"阳光下的热车：CPU 节流可能会减慢传输速度",[42,296,297],{},"冬天冷车：电池可能会限制系统功率",[42,299,300],{},"气候控制有帮助：调节驾驶室也能让电子设备保持舒适",[42,302,303],{},"对 FTP 的影响：热负载下传输速度稍慢，但功能正常",[119,305],{},[25,307,308],{"id":308},"存储系统",[15,310,311],{},"Android 汽车具有：",[39,313,314,320,326],{},[42,315,316,319],{},[35,317,318],{},"内部闪存："," 通常为 32-128 GB。快速输入\u002F输出。主要下载目的地。",[42,321,322,325],{},[35,323,324],{},"USB 驱动器："," 通过汽车的 USB 端口连接。速度取决于 USB 版本和驱动器。",[42,327,328,331],{},[35,329,330],{},"SD​​ 卡插槽："," 某些车辆包含这些。与USB性能类似。",[15,333,334],{},"FTP 下载会写入您在 AnExplorer 中导航到的任何存储。内部存储速度最快；USB更便携。",[10,336,337],{"id":337},"针对汽车使用的服务器优化",[25,339,340],{"id":340},"超时配置",[15,342,343],{},"汽车可能会缓慢导航（触摸界面、短暂中断）。慷慨地设置服务器超时：",[78,345,349],{"className":346,"code":347,"language":348,"meta":87,"style":87},"language-ini shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","# Server-side recommended settings\nidle_session_timeout=300    # 5 minutes idle before disconnect\ndata_connection_timeout=300  # 5 minutes for data channel\n","ini",[85,350,351,359,365],{"__ignoreMap":87},[352,353,356],"span",{"class":354,"line":355},"line",1,[352,357,358],{},"# Server-side recommended settings\n",[352,360,362],{"class":354,"line":361},2,[352,363,364],{},"idle_session_timeout=300    # 5 minutes idle before disconnect\n",[352,366,368],{"class":354,"line":367},3,[352,369,370],{},"data_connection_timeout=300  # 5 minutes for data channel\n",[15,372,373],{},"如果您停下来看看道路或与车辆控制进行交互，默认超时（通常为 60 秒）可能会在正常浏览期间断开汽车连接。",[25,375,377],{"id":376},"传输恢复休息","传输恢复（休息）",[15,379,380],{},"启用服务器端恢复支持。如果汽车的 WiFi 在传输过程中掉线（超出范围、信号干扰），则当连接恢复时可以恢复下载：",[78,382,384],{"className":346,"code":383,"language":348,"meta":87,"style":87},"# Most servers enable this by default\n# Verify with: FEAT command should list REST STREAM\n",[85,385,386,391],{"__ignoreMap":87},[352,387,388],{"class":354,"line":355},[352,389,390],{},"# Most servers enable this by default\n",[352,392,393],{"class":354,"line":361},[352,394,395],{},"# Verify with: FEAT command should list REST STREAM\n",[25,397,398],{"id":398},"目录列出速度",[15,400,401],{},"对于大型媒体库，如果一个文件夹中有数千个文件，目录列表可能会很慢。优化：",[39,403,404,407,410],{},[42,405,406],{},"将每个文件夹的文件数控制在 \u003C 100 个以内，以便快速列出",[42,408,409],{},"使用子目录进行组织（艺术家→专辑→曲目）",[42,411,412],{},"避免非常深的嵌套（汽车触摸屏导航速度足够慢，没有 10 层）",[10,414,415],{"id":415},"传输性能基准",[15,417,418],{},"在典型汽车硬件上进行测试：",[212,420,421,437],{},[215,422,423],{},[218,424,425,428,431,434],{},[221,426,427],{},"内容",[221,429,430],{},"文件大小",[221,432,433],{},"5GHz WiFi 时间",[221,435,436],{},"2.4GHz WiFi 时间",[231,438,439,453,467,481,495],{},[218,440,441,444,447,450],{},[236,442,443],{},"MP3歌曲",[236,445,446],{},"5 MB",[236,448,449],{},"\u003C 1 秒",[236,451,452],{},"1-2 秒",[218,454,455,458,461,464],{},[236,456,457],{},"FLAC专辑",[236,459,460],{},"400 MB",[236,462,463],{},"4-20 秒",[236,465,466],{},"20-80 秒",[218,468,469,472,475,478],{},[236,470,471],{},"电影 (1080p)",[236,473,474],{},"2GB",[236,476,477],{},"20-100 秒",[236,479,480],{},"100-400 秒",[218,482,483,486,489,492],{},[236,484,485],{},"播客批次（10 eps）",[236,487,488],{},"300 MB",[236,490,491],{},"3-15 秒",[236,493,494],{},"15-60 秒",[218,496,497,500,503,506],{},[236,498,499],{},"行车记录仪上传（1 小时）",[236,501,502],{},"4GB",[236,504,505],{},"40-200 秒",[236,507,508],{},"200-800 秒",[15,510,511,514],{},[35,512,513],{},"如果您的路由器和汽车硬件支持，强烈建议汽车使用 5 GHz WiFi","。与 2.4 GHz 相比，吞吐量差异为 4-5 倍。",[119,516],{},[10,518,519],{"id":519},"汽车环境中的安全性",[25,521,522],{"id":522},"威胁模型",[39,524,525,528,531],{},[42,526,527],{},"汽车使用家庭 WiFi → 与任何家庭设备具有相同的安全性",[42,529,530],{},"如果有人访问汽车系统，FTP 凭据就会面临风险",[42,532,533],{},"保存的书签，如果汽车解锁，则可以访问凭据",[25,535,536],{"id":536},"缓解措施",[39,538,539,545,551,557],{},[42,540,541,544],{},[35,542,543],{},"有限权限 FTP 帐户："," “car-sync”用户只能访问媒体和上传目录",[42,546,547,550],{},[35,548,549],{},"家庭 WiFi 加密："," WPA2\u002FWPA3 加密所有无线流量",[42,552,553,556],{},[35,554,555],{},"SFTP 替代方案："," 使用 SFTP 进行加密连接（稍慢但安全）",[42,558,559,562],{},[35,560,561],{},"车辆 PIN 码\u002F锁："," 使用安全 PIN 码保护信息娱乐系统",[25,564,565],{"id":565},"不该做什么",[39,567,568,571,574,577],{},[42,569,570],{},"不要将 FTP 暴露到互联网上以供汽车在室外访问",[42,572,573],{},"不要使用与您的管理员帐户相同的 FTP 凭据",[42,575,576],{},"不要将敏感文件（银行、个人文档）存储在汽车可访问的共享中",[42,578,579],{},"不要在没有 VPN 的情况下通过公共 WiFi 或蜂窝网络使用 FTP",[10,581,582],{"id":582},"与汽车工作流程集成",[25,584,585],{"id":585},"自动化内容管道",[15,587,588],{},"设置一个为汽车准备内容的服务器端系统：",[590,591,592,601,611],"ol",{},[42,593,594,597,598],{},[35,595,596],{},"服务器脚本","每晚运行：下载播客、组织音乐、将内容移动到",[85,599,600],{},"\u002Fcar-content\u002Fnew\u002F",[42,602,603,606,607,610],{},[35,604,605],{},"汽车例程","（在WiFi下停车时）：连接FTP，检查",[85,608,609],{},"\u002Fnew\u002F","文件夹，下载新鲜内容",[42,612,613,614,616,617],{},"**下载后：**服务器将文件从",[85,615,609],{},"移动到",[85,618,619],{},"\u002Farchived\u002F",[15,621,622],{},"这就创建了一个“邮箱”系统——服务器准备，汽车消费。",[25,624,625],{"id":625},"行车记录仪管道",[15,627,628],{},"对于行车记录仪录像备份：",[590,630,631,634,640,646,652],{},[42,632,633],{},"**日常驾驶：**行车记录仪记录到汽车的USB\u002F内部存储器",[42,635,636,639],{},[35,637,638],{},"晚上（停车）："," 打开AnExplorer → 连接 FTP → 导航至行车记录仪文件夹",[42,641,642,645],{},[35,643,644],{},"上传："," 将当天的录像发送到 NAS（服务器按日期组织）",[42,647,648,651],{},[35,649,650],{},"清理："," 从汽车存储（可用空间）中删除上传的片段",[42,653,654,657],{},[35,655,656],{},"NAS端："," 应用保留策略（保留最近30天，存档事件）",[10,659,660],{"id":660},"协议替代方案比较",[212,662,663,679],{},[215,664,665],{},[218,666,667,670,673,676],{},[221,668,669],{},"协议",[221,671,672],{},"最佳汽车用途",[221,674,675],{},"优势",[221,677,678],{},"限制",[231,680,681,695,709,723],{},[218,682,683,686,689,692],{},[236,684,685],{},"FTP",[236,687,688],{},"批量媒体加载",[236,690,691],{},"快速、简单",[236,693,694],{},"未加密",[218,696,697,700,703,706],{},[236,698,699],{},"SFTP",[236,701,702],{},"安全传输",[236,704,705],{},"加密",[236,707,708],{},"比 FTP 慢",[218,710,711,714,717,720],{},[236,712,713],{},"中小企业",[236,715,716],{},"媒体流",[236,718,719],{},"无需下载即可串流",[236,721,722],{},"依赖 WiFi 进行播放",[218,724,725,728,731,734],{},[236,726,727],{},"网络DAV",[236,729,730],{},"云\u002FNextcloud",[236,732,733],{},"防火墙友好",[236,735,736],{},"HTTPS 开销",[15,738,739,742],{},[35,740,741],{},"汽车建议："," FTP 用于将内容批量加载到内部存储。SMB 用于您不想在本地存储的流媒体。如果担心安全性，则使用 SFTP。",[10,744,745],{"id":745},"相关指南",[39,747,748,756,763,771],{},[42,749,750,755],{},[751,752,754],"a",{"href":753},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fftp-client\u002Fandroid-automotive","适用于 Android Automotive 的 FTP 客户端"," — FTP 功能概述",[42,757,758,762],{},[751,759,761],{"href":760},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fvideo-player\u002Fandroid-automotive","适用于 Android Automotive 的视频播放器"," — 播放下载的视频",[42,764,765,766,770],{},"Android Automotive 上的 ",[751,767,769],{"href":768},"\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fwebdav\u002Fandroid-automotive","WebDAV"," — 替代协议",[42,772,773,777],{},[751,774,776],{"href":775},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fmusic-player\u002Fandroid-tv","适用于 Android TV 的音乐播放器"," — 类似的音频设置",[779,780,781],"style",{},"html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: 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